KPMG issued a Final Report on December 15, 2016 – “First Nations Land Management Resource Centre Partial Benefit-Cost Study Findings Final Report” – whose results are considered “very conservative”. The findings indicated substantial economic benefits to Canada. KPMG modeled the net economic benefits (i.e., the “profits”) associated with only a small number of First Nations projects which were believed to have the highest economic impacts (informally called “big winners”). The findings indicate substantial economic benefits to Canada.

Under the best estimate scenarios for each case study, the Framework Agreement (FA) may provide a positive net return to Canada of between roughly $270 million and $1.4 billion (depending on the discount rate used), modelled over the anticipated lifetime of the projects considered in the PBCA (Partial Benefit-Cost Analysis). That is, the five big winner projects alone may generate profits of $270 million to $1.4 billion over and above the entire FA costs, plus the costs of building and running these five projects, over their assumed lifetime.
https://labrc.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/FNLM-PBCA-Final-Report.pdf